La révolution des 13, 14, 15 août 1963 au Congo-Brazzaville : la chute de Youlou

Abstract

The history of Congo -Brazzaville has been marked by several events including the revolution of August 13, 14 and 15, 1963, commonly known as the Three Glorious. Indeed, this movement was organized by trade unionists supported by the political leaders and the population to denounce the bad governance of President Fulbert Youlou (first President of the Republic of Congo). At the origin of this movement was the reaction of trade unio nists to the decision of the father of nation, Fulbert Youlou, to dissolve the existing unions in order to establish a single union and party, without forgetting the arrest of the union leaders at the prison from Brazzaville. Faced with this decision, a general strike movement was launched to demand the release of fellow trade unionists, but Youlou's army was quick to act by using violent measures of repression against the strikers. Despite this, the 1 Les Trois glorieuses est une expression empruntée à la révolution du 27, 28, 29 juillet 1830, qui porta au trône le roi Louis-Philippe 1 er. Ce fut la deuxième révolution française après celle de 1789 qui avait fait crouler la monarchie en France. La révolution des 13, 14, 15 août 1963 au Congo-Brazzaville : la chute de Youlou» 99 army did not succeed in stopping the movement, which took on other forms until the capture of the presidential palace on the third day of the movement. This movement or that revolution caused the fall of Youlou, after three years of reign. It was the first revolution in the history of the Congo. This article which focuses on the three glorious revolution of August 13, 14, 15, 1963 in the Congo aims to describe this movement organized by trade unionists, see the causes of this revolution and the results obtained. Several documents will be used to help us in this research. In essence, we want to answer the following questions: When does this revolution of the three glorious days begin in the Congo? What were the causes? What were the results and who were the real protagonists? These are questions that we will seek to answer in this present work.